He was a petty criminal whose arrest would transform American law forever. Miranda got pulled over in Phoenix for driving without a license — then confessed to rape and kidnapping without knowing he could stay silent. His Supreme Court case would guarantee every arrested person the right to hear: "You have the right to remain silent." And the very man who gave his name to that landmark legal protection? Murdered in a bar fight just nine years after his famous ruling, shot over a $2 card game.
January 31, 1976
50 years ago
What Else Happened on January 31
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The Mudéjar fighters knew their end was near. Cornered in Murcia after two years of resistance, they'd held out against impossible odds—defending a city where t…
France ceded the Kingdom of Naples to Aragon through the Treaty of Lyon, formally ending their territorial claims in Southern Italy. This surrender solidified S…
France and Spain partitioned Italy through the Treaty of Lyon, formalizing French control over the north and Spanish authority in the south. This agreement ende…
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