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Queen Victoria

Historical Figure

Queen Victoria

d. 1901

Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901

Early 20th Century

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Biography

Victoria was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days, which was longer than those of any of her predecessors, constituted the Victorian era, a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. In 1876, the British parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India.

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In Their Own Words (5)

It is worth being shot at to see how much one is loved.

After being shot at by Roderick Maclean on 2 March 1882, as quoted in Stanley Weintraub, Victoria. Biography of a queen (1987), p. 450. , 1987

Affairs go on, and all will take some shape or other, but it keeps one in hot water all the time.

Letter to King of the Belgians, Nuneham, 15th June, 1841 (Note: Nuneham was the house of Edward Vernon Harcourt, Archbishop of York). , 1841

All marriage is such a lottery -- the happiness is always an exchange -- though it may be a very happy one -- still the poor woman is bodily and morally the husband's slave. That always sticks in my throat. When I think of a merry, happy, and free young girl -- and look at the ailing aching state a young wife is generally doomed to -- which you can't deny is the penalty of marriage.

Letter (16 May 1860), published in Dearest Child: Letters Between Queen Victoria and the Princess Royal Previously Unpublished edited by Roger Fulfold (1964), p. 254. Also quoted in the article "Queen Victoria's Not So Victorian Writings" by Heather Palmer (1997). , 1964

My dearest Uncle,- I have the greatest pleasure in announcing to you a piece of news which I know will give you as much satisfaction and relief as it does to us, and will do to the whole of the world. Lord Palmerston is no longer Foreign Secretary—and Lord Granville has already named his successor!

Early Belgian colonial Efforts: The long and fateful shadow of Leopold I, Page 67 Victoria to Leopold, 23 December, 1851, in Benson, 2:345. , 1851

We are not interested in the possibilities of defeat; they do not exist.

December 1899 letter to Arthur Balfour during the "Black Week" of the Boer War, as quoted in The Columbia Dictionary of Quotations (1993), p. 539. , 1993

Timeline

The story of Queen Victoria, told in moments.

1819 Birth

Born at Kensington Palace, London. Her father, the Duke of Kent, is the fourth son of George III. He dies before her first birthday. She's raised under the strict "Kensington System" by her mother and comptroller John Conroy, who control every aspect of her life. She grows to hate them both.

1837 Event

Inherits the throne at 18 after her father's three elder brothers all die without surviving legitimate heirs. The Archbishop of Canterbury and the Lord Chamberlain arrive at Kensington Palace at 6 a.m. to tell her. She holds her first Privy Council meeting that same day. Alone.

1840 Event

Marries her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. She proposes to him, not the other way around. Protocol required it since she outranked him. They have nine children in 17 years. She dislikes pregnancy but loves Albert fiercely.

1861 Event

Albert dies of typhoid fever at Windsor Castle. He is 42. Victoria wears black for the remaining 40 years of her life. She retreats from public view so completely that republicans begin calling for her removal. His rooms are kept exactly as he left them. Servants lay out his clothes each morning.

1876 Event

Parliament votes to grant her the title Empress of India. She never visits. Her nine children marry into royal houses across the continent. Her grandchildren sit on the thrones of Germany, Russia, Spain, Norway, Romania, and Greece. They call her the Grandmother of Europe.

1901 Death

Dies at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight at 81. Her reign has lasted 63 years and 216 days. Longer than any British monarch before her. The era that bears her name has reshaped the world through industry, empire, science, and the strict personal morality she embodied. Her grandson Kaiser Wilhelm II is at her bedside.

Artifacts (7)

The Principal Speeches and Addresses of His Royal Highness the Prince Consort

[Illustration: _Albert._ _From the Photograph by Mayall, with permission. Engraved by W. Hall. Published by John Murray, Albemarle Street,...

1819

Leaves From the Journal of Our Life in the Highlands, From 1848 to 1861

Transcriber’s Notes. Hyphenation has been standardised. Footnotes were moved to the ends of the text they pertain to and numbered in one continuous sequence. The words ‘gillie’ and...

1848

The letters of Queen Victoria

CHAPTER XIII 184<4. Due de Bordeaux — Hanoverian Orders — Domestic happiness — Death of the Duke of Coburg — Lord Melbourne on old age — Recall of Lord Ellenborough — Uncle and niece — Lord...

1907

Letters

CHAPTER I PAGE Ancestry of Queen Victoria — Houses of Brunswick, Hanover, and Coburg — Family connections — The English Royal Family— The Royal Dukes— Duke of Cumberland — Family of George III. —...

1908

Letters

CHAPTER XIV The Spanish marriages — Position of the Prince — Title of King Consort — Purchase of Osborne — Maynooth grant — Religious bigotry — Public executions — Birthday letter — Princess...

1908

The letters of Queen Victoria

CHAPTER I PAGES Ancestry of Queen Vietoria — Houses of Brunswick, Han- over, and Cobiu’g — Family connections — The English Royal Family — The Royal Dukes — Duke of Cumber- land— Family of George...

1911

The Letters of Queen Victoria: A Selection from Her Majesty's Correspondence Between the Years ...

PREFACE Entrusted by His Majesty the King with the duty of making a selection from Queen Victoria's correspondence, we think it well to describe briefly the nature of the documents which we have been...

1907

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